Technical Study for the Determination of the Optimal Location of Fasorial Measurement Units in the Ecuadorian Power System Based on Observability Criteria for Contingencies

Abstract

Phasor measurement units PMU are devices that measure the Synchrophasor of sinusoidal waves of current and voltage in electrical power systems. The paper describes the characteristics of phasor measurement units and applications. Various methodologies are listed that allow the location of PMUs and an algorithm is selected to maintain an adequate level of visibility in a SEP. Then different methods for contingency analysis based on voltage stability are described. The Reactive Support Index was adapted in order to determine the contingency ranking in the Ecuadorian National Interconnected System S.N.I. Finally a location methodology of PMUs is applied that optimizes the number and keeps the observability of S.N.I. in great impact contingencies.