Auto – Conversores Sincrónicos: Emulación de Generadores Sincrónicos con Conversores para la Inyección de Inercia Virtual en Sistemas de Potencia de 60 Hz Considerando Auto-sincronización
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Publicado:
ene 26, 2022
Palabras clave:
Barra infinita, control “droop”, conversor sincrónico (CS), controlador del punto máximo de máxima potencia (MPPT), inercia virtual, maquinas sincrónicas virtuales, y sistema fotovoltaico (FV).
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Resumen
La generación de electricidad a partir de fuentes renovables y la integración de las redes eléctricas inteligentes son tendencias en la actualidad de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia. Sin embargo, estos están intensificando la falta de inercia durante la operación de los sistemas modernos. Esto ha conllevado a la aparición de nuevas técnicas que buscan emular la inercia de los sistemas digitalmente, y así resolver esta limitación operativa. Una de estas técnicas es la denominada como conversores sincrónicos (CS) que busca replicar la operación de un generador sincrónico (GS) utilizando conversores CC/CA. De hecho, un SV permite que los sistemas eléctricos de potencia controlen las plantas de energía renovable conectadas a la red y evita la pérdida de estabilidad de voltaje y frecuencia durante su operación. Esta investigación presenta una variación del modelo original del SV, la misma que es capaz de auto sincronizarse con la red antes de su conexión, y además rastrear la frecuencia de la red después de esto. De igual manera, el circuito de potencia del SV ha sido modificado para incluir una planta fotovoltaica (FV) y un controlador de seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia (MPPT) como fuentes de voltaje en CC. Esto junto con el cálculo de los parámetros del SV para una frecuencia de 60 Hz brinda novedad a esta investigación. Finalmente, las simulaciones en MATLAB confirman una operación confiable del SV propuesto ante variaciones de potencia activa (P) y reactiva (Q) en una red de prueba.
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Cómo citar
Riofrio, J., & Farkas, C. (2022). Auto – Conversores Sincrónicos: Emulación de Generadores Sincrónicos con Conversores para la Inyección de Inercia Virtual en Sistemas de Potencia de 60 Hz Considerando Auto-sincronización . Revista Técnica "energía", 18(2), PP. 25–37. https://doi.org/10.37116/revistaenergia.v18.n2.2022.497
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SISTEMAS ELÉCTRICOS DE POTENCIA
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La Revista Técnica "energía" está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0.
Citas
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[4] A. Riofrio, D. Carrión, and D. Vaca, “Propuesta de Modelo de Operación Aplicado a Micro Redes Fotovoltaicas en Generación Distribuida,” Rev. Técnica Energía, vol. 12, no. ISSN 1390-5074, pp. 216–229, 2016.
[5] Savitha K.P and P. Kanakasabapathy, “Multi-port DC-DC converter for DC microgrid applications,” in 2016 IEEE 6th International Conference on Power Systems (ICPS), 2016, pp. 1–6.
[6] F. Martin-Martínez, A. Sánchez-Miralles, and M. Rivier, “A literature review of Microgrids: A functional layer based classification,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 62, pp. 1133–1153, 2016.
[7] K. Y. Yap, C. R. Sarimuthu, and J. M. Y. Lim, “Grid Integration of Solar Photovoltaic System Using Machine Learning-Based Virtual Inertia Synthetization in Synchronverter,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 49961–49976, 2020.
[8] N. R. Nair and D. P. Kanakasabapathy, “A Three Phase Grid Connected SPV System using Synchronverter,” India Int. Conf. Power Electron. IICPE, vol. 2018-Decem, pp. 1–6, 2018.
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[11] Q. C. Zhong and G. Weiss, “Synchronverters: Inverters that mimic synchronous generators,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1259–1267, 2011.
[12] S. Zafar, M. A. Amin, B. Javaid, and H. A. Khalid, “On Design of DC-Link Voltage Controller and PQ Controller for Grid Connected VSC for Microgrid Application,” in 2018 International Conference on Power Generation Systems and Renewable Energy Technologies (PGSRET), 2018, pp. 1–6.
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[14] C. H. Zhang et al., “An improved synchronverter model and its dynamic behaviour comparison with synchronous generator,” IET Conf. Publ., vol. 2013, no. 623 CP, 2013.
[15] E. L. Van Emmerik, B. W. Franca, and M. Aredes, “A synchronverter to damp electromechanical oscillations in the Brazilian transmission grid,” IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron., vol. 2015-Septe, pp. 221–226, 2015.
[16] S. Kumaravel, V. Thomas, T. V. Kumar, and S. Ashok, Development of the synchronverter for green energy integration. Elsevier Inc., 2019.
[17] Q. C. Zhong and T. Hornik, Control of Power Inverters in Renewable Energy and Smart Grid Integration. Wiley, 2013.
[18] T. Thacker, D. Boroyevich, R. Burgos, and F. Wang, “Phase-Locked Loop Noise Reduction via Phase Detector Implementation for Single-Phase Systems,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 2482–2490, 2011.
[19] B. Shakerighadi, E. Ebrahimzadeh, M. G. Taul, F. Blaabjerg, and C. L. Bak, “Modeling and Adaptive Design of the SRF-PLL: Nonlinear Time-Varying Framework,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 28635–28645, 2020.
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[21] Q. Zhong, P. Nguyen, Z. Ma, and W. Sheng, “Self-Synchronized Synchronverters: Inverters Without a Dedicated Synchronization Unit,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 617–630, Feb. 2014.
[22] Z. Wei, C. Jie, and C. Gong, “Small signal modeling and analysis of synchronverters,” 2015 IEEE 2nd Int. Futur. Energy Electron. Conf. IFEEC 2015, no. 1, 2015.
[23] S. Mo et al., “A new self-synchronization control strategy for grid interface inverters with local loads,” 2015 IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo. ECCE 2015, pp. 2316–2320, 2015.
[24] T. Younis, M. Ismeil, M. Orabi, and E. K. Hussain, “A single-phase self-synchronized synchronverter with bounded droop characteristics,” Conf. Proc. - IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf. Expo. - APEC, vol. 2018-March, pp. 1624–1629, 2018.
[25] T. Younis, M. Ismeil, E. K. Hussain, and M. Orabi, “Improved single-phase self-synchronised synchronverter with enhanced dynamics and current limitation capability,” IET Power Electron., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 337–344, 2019.
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[28] J. H. Walker, Large Synchronous Machines: Design, Manufacture, and Operation. Clarendon Press, 1981.
[29] R. D. Begamudre, Electromechanical Energy Conversion With Dynamics Of Machines. New Age International (P) Limited, 2007.
[30] T. Younis, M. Ismeil, E. K. Hussain, and M. Orabi, “Single-phase self-synchronized synchronverter with current-limiting capability,” 2016 18th Int. Middle-East Power Syst. Conf. MEPCON 2016 - Proc., pp. 848–853, 2017.
[31] Y. Rong, S. Liu, J. Mao, and S. Li, “A control strategy of Maximum Power Point Tracking base on dp/dv=0,” in Proceedings of the 30th Chinese Control Conference, 2011, pp. 5153–5158.
[32] A. K. Singh, Analysis and Design of Power Converter Topologies for Application in Future More Electric Aircraft. Springer Singapore, 2018.
