Sistemas de Comunicaciones y Redes de Datos en Smart Grids, una Revisión al Estado del Arte

Abstract

Smart grids have been conceptualized as a combination of traditional power grid (generation, transmission, distribution and merchandizing, including alternative energies) with communications networks. This concept revolutionizes the management, monitoring, and maintenance of the power grid, making it smart against overload, falls, blackouts, brownouts decreasing response times to these problems. In this paper the data networking technologies and electronic communications involved in this new concept of effi cient management of electricity are discussed. In the fi rst section, introductory concepts to understand the differences between traditional electric grids and smart grids are addressed, then an analysis of the architecture and design requirements of smart grid is performed, in the following section a review of the technologies communications currently used in smart grids is performed and fi nally the challenges of design, research directions and standardization of smart grids technologies are addressed. In the last section the conclusions of this work are appended.