Evolución de las Emisiones de CO2 Producido por el Parque Generador del Sistema Nacional Interconectado del Ecuador para el Periodo 2010-2015

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities develop by the various activities of society intensified since the industrial revolution, a situation that increases the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, particularly CO2 emissions.

Different human activities require energy consumption; the main source is electricity. An electrical system supply energy, to produce electricity from a mix of technologies among which generation are based on nonrenewable designated as thermoelectric generation resources because it consumes fossil fuels, this technology results in the emission of pollutants and GHGs; whose magnitude depends on its participation in the electrical grid system.

The volume of CO2 emissions produced by the park generating an electrical system depends on the CO2 emission factor of each fuel type used by each technology; in this paper the CO2 emission factors determined in accordance with the 2006 National Inventory of Greenhouse Gases by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change whose -IPCC- and the level of annual generation is used produced for each unit of thermal generation. In the case of Ecuador, dispatch the generation established for operator of the electrical network called the National Interconnected System (SNI).

The analysis for the period 2010-2015 calculated annually the level of CO2 emissions in tons CO2 and CO2 emission factor in kg CO2 /kWh for each type thermoelectric generation in the SNI.