Caracterización y simulación de fenómenos dinámicos relacionados con la actuación de un horno de arco eléctrico conectado al sistema eléctrico de potencia de Ecuador

Abstract

The operation of electric arc furnaces (EAF) causes variations in the electrical variables, such as: active and reactive power, voltage and frequency. These variations are related to the proper operation of the EAF that produces a highly intermittent consumption, which makes it a special load. This work presents a methodology for the analysis and interpretation of the data recorded by the SCADA/EMS system and the wide area monitoring system WAMS, during the operation of an EAF connected to the electric power system (EPS) of Ecuador. The purpose of this analysis is to characterize the disturbances through the electrical variables frequency, voltage, active and reactive power, measured in the most sensitive substation to the EAF operation. To this aim, a multivariate data analysis is performed based on Empirical Orthogonal Functions EOF, together with intelligent classifiers. In addition, an EAF model is proposed for electromechanical transient simulation, which is based on a pulse-width modulation PWM train, affected by a noise signal with a parameterizable frequency. Both the proposed methodology for characterizing the performance of the EAF through records, and the proposed model show promising results regarding the post-operative evaluation and operational planning of the impact of an EAF operation in the EPS